Quantitative X-ray Elemental Imaging in Plant Materials at the Subcellular Level with a Transmission Electron Microscope: Applications and Limitations.
Identifieur interne : 002081 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002080; suivant : 002082Quantitative X-ray Elemental Imaging in Plant Materials at the Subcellular Level with a Transmission Electron Microscope: Applications and Limitations.
Auteurs : Shaoliang Chen [République populaire de Chine] ; Heike Diekmann [Allemagne] ; Dennis Janz [Allemagne] ; Andrea Polle [Allemagne]Source :
- Materials (Basel, Switzerland) [ 1996-1944 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) is a technique for determining the distribution of elements in various materials. Here, we report a protocol for high-spatial-resolution X-ray elemental imaging and quantification in plant tissues at subcellular levels with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Calibration standards were established by producing agar blocks loaded with increasing KCl or NaCl concentrations. TEM-EDX images showed that the salts were evenly distributed in the agar matrix, but tended to aggregate at high concentrations. The mean intensities of K⁺, Cl-, and Na⁺ derived from elemental images were linearly correlated to the concentrations of these elements in the agar, over the entire concentration range tested (R > 0.916). We applied this method to plant root tissues. X-ray images were acquired at an actual resolution of 50 nm ´ 50 nm to 100 nm ´ 100 nm. We found that cell walls exhibited higher elemental concentrations than vacuoles. Plants exposed to salt stress showed dramatic accumulation of Na⁺ and Cl- in the transport tissues, and reached levels similar to those applied in the external solution (300 mM). The advantage of TEM-EDX mapping was the high-spatial-resolution achieved for imaging elemental distributions in a particular area with simultaneous quantitative analyses of multiple target elements.
DOI: 10.3390/ma7043160
PubMed: 28788612
PubMed Central: PMC5453366
Affiliations:
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Chen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China. lschen@bjfu.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Diekmann, Heike" sort="Diekmann, Heike" uniqKey="Diekmann H" first="Heike" last="Diekmann">Heike Diekmann</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. heike.diekmann@forst.uni-goettingen.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Göttingen</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Janz, Dennis" sort="Janz, Dennis" uniqKey="Janz D" first="Dennis" last="Janz">Dennis Janz</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. djanz@gwdg.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Göttingen</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Polle, Andrea" sort="Polle, Andrea" uniqKey="Polle A" first="Andrea" last="Polle">Andrea Polle</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. apolle@gwdg.de.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region><settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Göttingen</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Materials (Basel, Switzerland)</title><idno type="ISSN">1996-1944</idno><imprint><date when="2014" type="published">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) is a technique for determining the distribution of elements in various materials. Here, we report a protocol for high-spatial-resolution X-ray elemental imaging and quantification in plant tissues at subcellular levels with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Calibration standards were established by producing agar blocks loaded with increasing KCl or NaCl concentrations. TEM-EDX images showed that the salts were evenly distributed in the agar matrix, but tended to aggregate at high concentrations. The mean intensities of K⁺, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and Na⁺ derived from elemental images were linearly correlated to the concentrations of these elements in the agar, over the entire concentration range tested (<i>R</i> > 0.916). We applied this method to plant root tissues. X-ray images were acquired at an actual resolution of 50 nm ´ 50 nm to 100 nm ´ 100 nm. We found that cell walls exhibited higher elemental concentrations than vacuoles. Plants exposed to salt stress showed dramatic accumulation of Na⁺ and Cl<sup>-</sup> in the transport tissues, and reached levels similar to those applied in the external solution (300 mM). The advantage of TEM-EDX mapping was the high-spatial-resolution achieved for imaging elemental distributions in a particular area with simultaneous quantitative analyses of multiple target elements.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28788612</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>01</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1996-1944</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>7</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2014</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>21</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Materials (Basel, Switzerland)</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Materials (Basel)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Quantitative X-ray Elemental Imaging in Plant Materials at the Subcellular Level with a Transmission Electron Microscope: Applications and Limitations.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>3160-3175</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3390/ma7043160</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) is a technique for determining the distribution of elements in various materials. Here, we report a protocol for high-spatial-resolution X-ray elemental imaging and quantification in plant tissues at subcellular levels with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). Calibration standards were established by producing agar blocks loaded with increasing KCl or NaCl concentrations. TEM-EDX images showed that the salts were evenly distributed in the agar matrix, but tended to aggregate at high concentrations. The mean intensities of K⁺, Cl<sup>-</sup>, and Na⁺ derived from elemental images were linearly correlated to the concentrations of these elements in the agar, over the entire concentration range tested (<i>R</i> > 0.916). We applied this method to plant root tissues. X-ray images were acquired at an actual resolution of 50 nm ´ 50 nm to 100 nm ´ 100 nm. We found that cell walls exhibited higher elemental concentrations than vacuoles. Plants exposed to salt stress showed dramatic accumulation of Na⁺ and Cl<sup>-</sup> in the transport tissues, and reached levels similar to those applied in the external solution (300 mM). The advantage of TEM-EDX mapping was the high-spatial-resolution achieved for imaging elemental distributions in a particular area with simultaneous quantitative analyses of multiple target elements.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Shaoliang</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China. lschen@bjfu.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Diekmann</LastName><ForeName>Heike</ForeName><Initials>H</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. heike.diekmann@forst.uni-goettingen.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Janz</LastName><ForeName>Dennis</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. djanz@gwdg.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Polle</LastName><ForeName>Andrea</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Forstbotanik und Baumphysiologie, Büsgen-Institute, Georg-August Universität Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany. apolle@gwdg.de.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2014</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>21</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Materials (Basel)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101555929</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1996-1944</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">EDX</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Populus euphratica</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">TEM</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">agar standard</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">cell wall</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">cortex</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">root</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">salt tolerance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">vacuole</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">xylem vessel</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2014</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2014</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2014</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2014</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>0</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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first="Heike" last="Diekmann">Heike Diekmann</name></region><name sortKey="Janz, Dennis" sort="Janz, Dennis" uniqKey="Janz D" first="Dennis" last="Janz">Dennis Janz</name><name sortKey="Polle, Andrea" sort="Polle, Andrea" uniqKey="Polle A" first="Andrea" last="Polle">Andrea Polle</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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